Which symptom is typical of pyelonephritis in pregnancy?

• A. Cough and dyspnea
• B. Fever with flank pain
• C. Rash and joint pain
• D. Hypertension and edema

Answer: (B)

Pyelonephritis is a kidney infection, and in pregnancy the hallmark signs are fever with flank pain due to inflammation of the kidney and surrounding tissues (often with costovertebral angle tenderness). This reflects renal involvement, which is typical for this condition. The other options point to issues in other systems: cough and dyspnea suggest a respiratory problem, rash and joint pain suggest a systemic inflammatory or infectious process, and hypertension with edema points to preeclampsia. So fever with flank pain best identifies pyelonephritis in pregnancy.